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It can be also defined as the gradual buyout/sell out of any asset over a period of time, through purchase/sale of units into which the actual unit has been broken down into.
The application of this specific mode of finance has been implied for the following:
* Venture Financing * Project Financing
The application of Musharkah and Mudarabah can be easily applied for the following financing modes such as project financing, securitization of businesses, financing of a single transaction, financing of working capital and not only these but product development of different Islamic banks have innovated various uses of these modes. It is noteworthy that these modes don't need to be used in isolation rather they can be integrated according the business needs of the participants. The flexibility provided by these Islamic modes of financing is by surely the most unique proposition offered in the financial world to date.
Murabahah (Cost Plus Profit)——穆拉巴哈(费用加利润 )
This mode of financing refers to the trade of commodities at a cost that includes a profit proportion concurred to by both counterparts. The procuring and vending cost and other costs including the yield margin must be determined at the instance of sale. The bank cannot charge further cost on late payments despite the fact that, the possession of the asset is retained with the bank until the proportionate income financing proceeds are fully recovered.
Factually it means a sale on dually consented yield. In principle, it is an agreement of sale in which the supplier of goods pronounces his expenditure and earnings. Islamic banks have implemented this mode as an instrument of financing. The bank performs this act for a clear-cut profit which is predetermined in advance at the time of sale. The business agreement which is similar to "hire-purchase" contracts for equipment for furnishing of homes or domestic devices that are a norm in North American stores are a real life example of Murahaba. (Zaheer & Hassan)
Musawamah
Musawamah is a common and customary kind of sale in which cost of the goods to be transacted are negotiated amongst the supplier and the customer without any point of reference to the price remunerated or cost sustained by the prior. This makes it dissimilar from Murabaha as costs are not disclosed. The counterparts confer with each other on the price. All other state of affairs pertinent to Murabaha remains the same for Musawamah. Musawamah can be utilized where the vendor does not or at times cannot ascertain precisely the costs of goods that he is proposing to vend. Both the above mentioned modes of financing are valid for:
Asset Financing
Import Financing
House Financing
Raw material
Inventory
Equipment
Bai' Bithaman Ajil (Deferred Payment Sale)
This notion suggests to the transaction of goods on a deferred payment, which contains a profit edge consented by both participants. It is similar to Murabahah, except that the customer makes a final installment at the verge of the contractual date settled in the contract. By the relevance of an agreed rate, an Islamic bank can redeem the profit s according to market rates.
