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Painting therapy is difficult to compete with music therapy in physical diseases, but it has special functions in psychological diseases. Because human psychological activities are mostly visual, and various traumatic psychological barriers are often suppressed to the unconscious, forming "complex", which are difficult to be expressed in daily language; With the symbolic language of painting, it can express, express and integrate excellently, thus achieving the therapeutic effect. Painting therapy is especially suitable for patients who cannot or do not want to talk, such as hearing loss, mental retardation, brain damage, autism, and resistance to language. It is suitable for the treatment of painting therapy and has obvious curative effects, such as eating disorder, substance abuse, divisive personality disorder, abnormal sexual behavior and so on. Especially for children with intense emotions and difficulty in control, painting therapy has a great advantage over other therapies.
Painting therapy generally adopts two methods: "spontaneous painting" and thematic painting under the guidance of physicians. The former is of great diagnostic value and can be regarded as a result of "Rorschach inkblot test" commonly used in psychiatric diagnosis in the 1920s and 1930s. According to the literature, it is better for a skilled physician to use a painting to diagnose mental disorders than to use a "CT" or "psychometric scale". Patients, on the other hand, can look at themselves through painting, correct distorted self, improve social communication skills, enhance identity, and promote mental health and growth.
Other mature art therapies include psychological drama, sculpture therapy, story therapy, etc. At present, the most promising art therapy is "film and television" therapy, which USES modern advanced image art to create highly realistic situations and obtain specific treatment effects. For example, greater progress has been made in helping patients overcome various phobias. Art therapy, also from the early "one-to-one", gradually adopted "collective therapy", namely the establishment of "art therapy group" to achieve the resonance effect. Treatment environment is gradually developed from neutral and free from external interference, such as hospitals and clinics, into the family and daily living environment for treatment.
In early 1992, the first international art medicine conference was held in New York. As the declaration stated, "art medicine has entered a new historical stage." It can be said that art therapy is more and more systematic and perfect in technical aspects, but the theoretical basis is still relatively weak. Conventional medicine is based on the practical disciplines of physiology and biochemistry, while the main theoretical basis of art medicine is art and psychology. Therefore, in this field, there are many literatures about operation technology, but few literatures discuss it theoretically. It is generally believed that art can be an effective treatment for psychological and physical diseases, mainly because it can help people to transcend the survival dilemma from the spirit, meet the needs of affinity, and reconcile with the world and "non-self" on the unconscious level. And can optimize the personality structure, get the meaning of life and life sense of value. The most immediately observable effect is to improve the emotional state, using "suspension" and "displacement" to channel the mental and physical energy of various disorders caused by negative information. Thus, in the individual limited existence, urges the potential positive development, enables the individual to maintain the mental and physical health. Of course, art therapy still has a long way to go to become a widely used medical technology.
